Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Condition is characterised by repeated routines (Compulsions) and intrusive thoughts (Obsessions)
Symptoms
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder has two major components:
- Obsessions – Repetitive intrusive thoughts which induce feelings of anxiety, panic and distress.
- Compulsions – Repetitive behaviours and rituals which must be performed to prevent being overwhelmed by the anxiety and distress.
Many OCD sufferers recognise that their beliefs and behaviours are not rational, and may be unreasonable, excessive and time-consuming. Some do not.
There are a wide variety of presentations. The main groupings include ‘Symmetry’, ‘Cleaning’, ‘Hoarding’, and ‘Taboo thoughts’ all of which occupy much time and also affect family members significantly.
Key Information
,Treatment approaches vary and are dependent on an individual analysis of the exact presentation, history and severity of the symptoms.
Psychotherapy, using Cognitive and Behavioural methods, is the most effective with or without supportive medication. The degree of insight and motivation of the sufferer is a key factor. Most treatments of OCD are not over a short-term period and require a longer time scale.
Exposure and response prevention (ERP) is the most common form of treatment in which gradual modification of the thoughts and compulsions result in extinction of the behaviours.
Psychodynamic therapy involving historical events may be relevant. Hypnotic techniques which accelerate treatment and improvement may also be employed in those most able to receive and utilise them.
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